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Gaius Fabius Hadrianus
Gaius Fabius Hadrianus〔The ''nomen'' is given as Fulvius in some editions of Orosius (''Historiae'' 5.20), but is generally corrected to Fabius, as in the 1889 edition of C. Zangemeister (here ).〕 was praetor in 84 BC and propraetor 83–82 in the Roman province of Africa.〔Orosius, 5.20.3; Pseudo-Asconius 241 in the edition of Thomas Stangl, ''Pseudoasconiana'' (1909, reprinted 1967), cited in T.R.S. Broughton, ''The Magistrates of the Roman Republic'', vol. 2 (New York 1952), pp. 60, 64, 69, 562.〕 He is known primarily for the sensational circumstances of his death: during an uprising at the beginning of Sulla's second civil war, the governor’s residence was set on fire and Hadrianus was burned alive.
==A controversial career==
Next to nothing is known of the early career of Hadrianus. He has been identified with the C. Fabius Hadrianus who was a moneyer (''monetalis'') in 102 BC; several examples of his coins are known.〔Michael H. Crawford, ''Roman Republican Coinage'', vol. 1 (Cambridge University Press, 1987), (p. 326. )〕
Following his praetorship in 84, Hadrianus forced out Metellus Pius, his predecessor as governor of Africa and a partisan of Sulla.〔T.R.S. Broughton, ''The Magistrates of the Roman Republic'', vol. 2 (New York 1952), p. 60, citing Livy, (''Periocha'' 84 ), Pseudo-Asconius 241, and Appian, ''Bellum civile'' 1.80.〕 An alternative view is that Metellus did not hold a legitimate governorship, but was attempting to seize power in Africa in 84 when Hadrianus held a duly appointed office.〔Christopher S. Mackay, "Sulla and the Monuments: Studies in His Public Persona," ''Historia'' 49 (2000), p. 188, note 87.〕 Since Hadrianus began his term during the last consulship of Cornelius Cinna, he is usually considered in league with the ''populares''.〔Charles T. Barlow, "The ''Sanctus Aerarium'' and the ''argento publico'' Coinage," ''American Journal of Philology'' 98 (1977), p. 297, note 39.〕 His governorship would have redirected tribute from Africa to the cause of Cinna and the Marians.〔Charles T. Barlow, "The Roman Government and the Roman Economy, 92–80 B.C.," ''American Journal of Philology'' 101 (1980), p. 209.〕
Metellus fled to Numidia and the protection of Hiempsal II. Hadrianus allied with Hiarbas, a rival for the Numidian kingship, and succeeded in temporarily ousting Hiempsal, who hid out with Metellus and his men in Mauretania under the protection of Bocchus I. The actions of Hadrianus incurred the enmity of the pro-Sullan upper classes in Africa.〔Michael Lovano, ''The Age of Cinna: Crucible of Late Republican Rome'' (Franz Steiner Verlag, 2002), pp. 75 and 95 (online ).〕 During an uprising in Utica (in modern-day Tunisia), he was killed when the official residence was set on fire.〔Smith, ''Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology'', vol. 2 (1849), (p. 323 ) and T.R.S. Broughton, ''The Magistrates of the Roman Republic'', vol. 2 (New York 1952), p. 69, citing Cicero, ''In Verrem'' 2.1.70 and 5.94; Diodorus, ''Bibliotheca historica'' 38.4; Livy, ''Periocha'' 86; Valerius Maximus 9.10.2.〕 The sources uniformly emphasize that he was burned alive.〔Cicero, ''In Verrem'' 2.1.70; Livy, Periocha 86; Orosius (5.20.3) extends this death to the entire household: ''cum omni familia vivus incensus est.''〕
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